Selenium是一个开源的和便携式的自动化软件测试工具，用于测试Web应用程序有能力在不同的浏览器和操作系统运行。Selenium真的不是一个单一的工具，而是一套工具，帮助测试者更有效地基于Web的应用程序的自动化。 有时候我们会碰到标签的下拉框。直接点击下拉框中的选项不一定可行。Selenium专门提供了Select类来处理下拉框。
- <select id="status" class="form-control valid" onchange="" name="status">
- <option value=""></option>
- <option value="0">未审核</option>
- <option value="1">初审通过</option>
- <option value="2">复审通过</option>
- <option value="3">审核不通过</option>
- </select>
Python-selenium中的操作 先以python为例，查看Selenium代码select.py文件的实现：
...seleniumwebdriversupportselect.py class Select: - def __init__(self, webelement):
- """
- Constructor. A check is made that the given element is, indeed, a SELECT tag. If it is not,
- then an UnexpectedTagNameException is thrown.
- :Args:
- - webelement - element SELECT element to wrap
- Example:
- from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select n
- Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
- """
- if webelement.tag_name.lower() != "select":
- raise UnexpectedTagNameException(
- "Select only works on <select> elements, not on <%s>" %
- webelement.tag_name)
- self._el = webelement
- multi = self._el.get_attribute("multiple")
- self.is_multiple = multi and multi != "false"
查看Select类的实现需要一个元素的定位。并且Example中给了例句。
- Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
- def select_by_index(self, index):
- """Select the option at the given index. This is done by examing the "index" attribute of an
- element, and not merely by counting.
- :Args:
- - index - The option at this index will be selected
- """
- match = str(index)
- matched = False
- for opt in self.options:
- if opt.get_attribute("index") == match:
- self._setSelected(opt)
- if not self.is_multiple:
- return
- matched = True
- if not matched:
- raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with index %d" % index)
继续查看select_by_index() 方法的使用并符合上面的给出的下拉框的要求，因为它要求下拉框的选项必须要有index属性，例如index=”1”。 - def select_by_value(self, value):
- """Select all options that have a value matching the argument. That is, when given "foo" this
- would select an option like:
- <option value="foo">Bar</option>
- :Args:
- - value - The value to match against
- """
- css = "option[value =%s]" % self._escapeString(value)
- opts = self._el.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, css)
- matched = False
- for opt in opts:
- self._setSelected(opt)
- if not self.is_multiple:
- return
- matched = True
- if not matched:
- raise NoSuchElementException("Cannot locate option with value: %s" % value)
继续查看select_by_value() 方法符合我们的要求，它用于选取 Java-selenium中的操作
当然，在java中的用法也类似，唯一不区别在语法层面有。
package com.jase.base;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By.ById;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
public class SelectTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("http://www.you_url.com");
// ……
Select sel = new Select(driver.findElement(ById.xpath("//select[@id='status']")));
sel.selectByValue("0"); //未审核
sel.selectByValue("1"); //初审通过
sel.selectByValue("2"); //复审通过
sel.selectByValue("3"); //审核不通过
}
} | 
