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Java实现表单提交（支持多文件同时上传）

2017-3-7 12:52| 发布者: zhangjf| 查看: 1381| 评论: 0

摘要: 在Android里面或者J2EE后台需要趴别人网站数据，模拟表单提交是一件很常见的事情，但是在Android里面要实现多文件上传，还要夹着普通表单字段上传，这下可能就有点费劲了，今天花时间整理了一个工具类，主要是借助于 ...

在Android里面或者J2EE后台需要趴别人网站数据，模拟表单提交是一件很常见的事情，但是在Android里面要实现多文件上传，还要夹着普通表单字段上传，这下可能就有点费劲了，今天花时间整理了一个工具类，主要是借助于HttpClient，其实也很简单，看一下代码就非常清楚了

HttpClient工具类：

HttpClientUtil.java

  2. package cn.com.ajava.util;
  3. import java.io.File;
  4. import java.io.Serializable;
  5. import java.util.Iterator;
  6. import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
  7. import java.util.Map;
  8. import java.util.Map.Entry;
  9. import org.apache.http.Consts;
  10. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  11. import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
  12. import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
  13. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  14. import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
  15. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
  16. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
  17. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
  18. import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
  19. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  21. /**
  22. * HttpClient工具类
  23. *
  24. * @author 曾繁添
  25. * @version 1.0
  26. */
  27. public class HttpClientUtil
  28. {
  29. public final static String Method_POST = "POST";
  30. public final static String Method_GET = "GET";
  31. /**
  32. * multipart/form-data类型的表单提交
  33. *
  34. * @param form
  35. * 表单数据
  36. */
  37. public static String submitForm(MultipartForm form)
  38. {
  39. // 返回字符串
  40. String responseStr = "";
  41. // 创建HttpClient实例
  42. HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  43. try
  44. {
  45. // 实例化提交请求
  46. HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(form.getAction());
  47. // 创建MultipartEntityBuilder
  48. MultipartEntityBuilder entityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
  49. // 追加普通表单字段
  50. Map<String, String> normalFieldMap = form.getNormalField();
  51. for (Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = normalFieldMap.entrySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
  52. {
  53. Entry<String, String> entity = iterator.next();
  54. entityBuilder.addPart(entity.getKey(), new StringBody(entity.getValue(), ContentType.create("text/plain", Consts.UTF_8)));
  55. }
  56. // 追加文件字段
  57. Map<String, File> fileFieldMap = form.getFileField();
  58. for (Iterator<Entry<String, File>> iterator = fileFieldMap.entrySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
  59. {
  60. Entry<String, File> entity = iterator.next();
  61. entityBuilder.addPart(entity.getKey(), new FileBody(entity.getValue()));
  62. }
  63. // 设置请求实体
  64. httpPost.setEntity(entityBuilder.build());
  65. // 发送请求
  66. HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  67. int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  68. // 取得响应数据
  69. HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
  70. if (200 == statusCode)
  71. {
  72. if (resEntity != null)
  73. {
  74. responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
  75. }
  76. }
  77. } catch (Exception e)
  78. {
  79. System.out.println("提交表单失败，原因：" + e.getMessage());
  80. } finally
  81. {
  82. httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
  83. }
  84. return responseStr;
  85. }
  86. /** 表单字段Bean */
  87. public class MultipartForm implements Serializable
  88. {
  89. /** 序列号 */
  90. private static final long serialVersionUID = -2138044819190537198L;
  91. /** 提交URL **/
  92. private String action = "";
  93. /** 提交方式：POST/GET **/
  94. private String method = "POST";
  95. /** 普通表单字段 **/
  96. private Map<String, String> normalField = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
  97. /** 文件字段 **/
  98. private Map<String, File> fileField = new LinkedHashMap<String, File>();
  99. public String getAction()
  100. {
  101. return action;
  102. }
  103. public void setAction(String action)
  104. {
  105. this.action = action;
  106. }
  107. public String getMethod()
  108. {
  109. return method;
  110. }
  111. public void setMethod(String method)
  112. {
  113. this.method = method;
  114. }
  115. public Map<String, String> getNormalField()
  116. {
  117. return normalField;
  118. }
  119. public void setNormalField(Map<String, String> normalField)
  120. {
  121. this.normalField = normalField;
  122. }
  123. public Map<String, File> getFileField()
  124. {
  125. return fileField;
  126. }
  127. public void setFileField(Map<String, File> fileField)
  128. {
  129. this.fileField = fileField;
  130. }
  131. public void addFileField(String key, File value)
  132. {
  133. fileField.put(key, value);
  134. }
  135. public void addNormalField(String key, String value)
  136. {
  137. normalField.put(key, value);
  138. }
  139. }
  140. }
复制代码

服务器端实现文件上传、并且读取参数方法：（借助于Apache的fileupload组件实现，实现了获取表单action后面直接拼接参数、表单普通项目、文件项目三种字段获取方法）

后台我就直接写了一个Servlet，具体代码如下：

ServletUploadFile.java

  2. package cn.com.ajava.servlet;
  3. import java.io.File;
  4. import java.io.IOException;
  5. import java.io.PrintWriter;
  6. import java.util.Enumeration;
  7. import java.util.Iterator;
  8. import java.util.List;
  9. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
  10. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
  11. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  12. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  13. import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
  14. import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
  15. import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
  16. /**
  17. * 文件上传Servlet
  18. * @author 曾繁添
  19. */
  20. public class ServletUploadFile extends HttpServlet
  21. {
  22. private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  23. // 限制文件的上传大小 1G
  24. private int maxPostSize = 1000 * 1024 * 10;
  25. public ServletUploadFile()
  26. {
  27. super();
  28. }
  29. @Override
  30. protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
  31. IOException
  32. {
  33. doPost(request, response);
  34. }
  35. protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
  36. IOException
  37. {
  38. PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
  39. String contextPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
  40. String webDir = "uploadfile" + File.separator + "images" + File.separator;
  41. String systemPath = request.getContextPath();
  42. String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()+ systemPath + "/";
  43. request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
  44. response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
  45. try
  46. {
  47. DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
  48. factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 4); // 设置写入大小
  49. ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
  50. upload.setSizeMax(maxPostSize); // 设置文件上传最大大小
  51. System.out.println(request.getContentType());
  52. //获取action后面拼接的参数(如：http://www.baidu.com?q=android)
  53. Enumeration enumList = request.getParameterNames();
  54. while(enumList.hasMoreElements()){
  55. String key = (String)enumList.nextElement();
  56. String value = request.getParameter(key);
  57. System.out.println(key+"="+value);
  58. }
  59. //获取提交表单项目
  60. List listItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
  61. Iterator iterator = listItems.iterator();
  62. while (iterator.hasNext())
  63. {
  64. FileItem item = (FileItem) iterator.next();
  65. //非普通表单项目
  66. if (!item.isFormField())
  67. {
  68. //获取扩展名
  69. String ext = item.getName().substring(item.getName().lastIndexOf("."), item.getName().length());
  70. String fileName = System.currentTimeMillis() + ext;
  71. File dirFile = new File(contextPath + webDir + fileName);
  72. if (!dirFile.exists())
  73. {
  74. dirFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
  75. }
  76. item.write(dirFile);
  77. System.out.println("fileName：" + item.getName() + "=====" + item.getFieldName() + " size： "+ item.getSize());
  78. System.out.println("文件已保存到： " + contextPath + webDir + fileName);
  79. //响应客户端请求
  80. out.print(basePath + webDir.replace("\", "/") + fileName);
  81. out.flush();
  82. }else{
  83. //普通表单项目
  84. System.out.println("表单普通项目："+item.getFieldName()+"=" + item.getString("UTF-8"));// 显示表单内容。item.getString("UTF-8")可以保证中文内容不乱码
  85. }
  86. }
  87. } catch (Exception e)
  88. {
  89. e.printStackTrace();
  90. } finally
  91. {
  92. out.close();
  93. }
  94. }
  95. }
复制代码

工具类、服务器端代码上面都贴出来了，具体怎么调用应该就不需要说了吧？封装的已经够清晰明了了

调用示例DEMO：

  2. //创建HttpClientUtil实例
  3. HttpClientUtil httpClient = new HttpClientUtil();
  4. MultipartForm form = httpClient.new MultipartForm();
  5. //设置form属性、参数
  6. form.setAction("http://192.168.1.7:8080/UploadFileDemo/cn/com/ajava/servlet/ServletUploadFile");
  7. File photoFile = new File(sddCardPath+"//data//me.jpg");
  8. form.addFileField("photo", photoFile);
  9. form.addNormalField("name", "曾繁添");
  10. form.addNormalField("tel", "15122946685");
  11. //提交表单
  12. HttpClientUtil.submitForm(form);
复制代码

最后说明一下jar问题：

要是android里面应用的话，需要注意一下额外引入httpmime-4.3.1.jar（我当时下的这个是最高版本了），至于fileUpload的jar，直接去apache官网下载吧

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助，同时也希望多多支持程序员之家！

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